https://techcrunch.com/2017/10/25/google-introduces-neural-networks-api-in-developer-preview-of-android-8-1/

Today, Google is starting to seed a new developer beta (8.1) of Android Oreo to devs.

The big highlight here is the new Neural Networks API, which brings hardware-accelerated inference to the phone for quickly executing previously trained machine learning models. Bringing these calculations to the edge can bring a lot of utility to the end user by reducing latency and load on the network, while also keeping more sensitive data on-device.