Santa Clara County’s ‘ICE-free zones’ questioned as ICE presence grows at jails

Santa Clara County is not intervening as federal immigration agents increasingly stage around its jails, despite county-declared ICE-free zones. Advocates report roughly 10 to 12 agents seen daily at Elmwood and the Main Jail, and the sheriff's office says about 70 people have been detained near county jails since June 2025.

Who killed British archaeologist James Starkey? Archival records shed light on an 88-year-old mystery

A new study by Yosef Garfinkel and Roy Marom links the 1938 killing of British archaeologist James Starkey to a land dispute between his Lachish expedition and villagers of al-Qubayba. The authors name rebel commander Issa al-Battat as the assassin, describing the conclusion as a historical reconstruction.

Loophole listing keeps seafood qualifying as critically endangered on the menu

Australia's environment minister listed redfish as "conservation dependent" even though the Threatened Species Scientific Committee advised critically endangered status, after a reported decline exceeding 96% over three generations. The Australian Marine Conservation Society says this category lets qualifying fish keep being caught and sold, and that six other species share it.

Gene editing could replace a lifetime of medication, but there's a catch

In a JAMA Internal Medicine perspective, cardiologists Eric D. Smith and Venkatesh L. Murthy outline factors for weighing gene therapies for common diseases, including safety, durability and long-term monitoring. They note some existing gene therapies cost over $1 million and say affordability must be considered early.

An efficient finite element formulation for Newtonian noise analysis

A finite element formulation computes Newtonian noise, including bulk and surface contributions, from seismic wave fields using tetrahedral and brick elements. It agreed closely with analytical solutions for plane P- and S-waves and for Rayleigh waves, and is implemented in the ANNA toolbox with MATLAB, GNU Octave and Python versions.

CMB Spectral Distortions from Resonant Conversions in Atomic Dark Sectors

The authors model conversions between dark-sector and Standard Model photons during the primordial epoch of CMB spectral distortions, solving the Boltzmann equation to obtain dark photon abundances. They report that COBE/FIRAS spectral distortion data exclude new parameter space near the positronium limit and forecast bounds attainable with the proposed FOSSIL satellite.

Design of a radio-frequency photoinjector for generating relativistic vortex electron beams

The paper presents a design and beam-dynamics analysis for an S-band radio-frequency photoinjector built to generate relativistic vortex electron beams carrying quantized orbital angular momentum. Field-map tracking at 0.63 pC bunch charge produced an emittance-compensated beam with 4.9 MeV final kinetic energy and normalized transverse emittance of 56 π μm·mrad.

Universality of Primordial Anisotropies in Gravitational Wave Background

A model-independent Cosmological Form Factor describes how long-wavelength perturbations modulate short-scale stochastic gravitational-wave background statistics. The authors argue statistical isotropy, locality and basic perturbation properties universally constrain angular and polarization structures; amplitudes and frequency dependence stay model dependent.

Analytic Model of Trans-axial Sensitivity in Cylindrical PET Systems Based on Solid Angle

Researchers derived a closed-form analytical model describing how a cylindrical PET scanner's geometric sensitivity varies with trans-axial distance from the center of the field of view. Monte Carlo simulations and physical experiments on a representative system largely agreed with the model, which indicates sensitivity rises with trans-axial offset and peaks at the field-of-view edge rather than at the center.

Effects of Resolution and Local Stability on Galactic Disks: I. Multiple Spiral Mode Formation via Swing Amplification

Simulations of Milky Way-like disk-halo systems find that higher numerical resolution delays the epochs of spiral and bar formation, with the delay larger in more stable models. In sufficiently resolved models with a responsive live halo, spirals appear in a cascading sequence in which higher-m modes grow and decay first, followed by lower-m modes.

Symmetry breaking in minimum dissipation networks

A study posted to arXiv reports that optimal transport networks minimizing dissipation break symmetry in two ways: weakly, where topology stays symmetric but edge capacities differ, and strongly, which alters the topology itself. The authors argue that network meshing, resource limits and fluctuations make symmetry breaking a general organizing principle, with symmetric structures favored at intermediate noise levels.

Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of sub-Eddington Circumbinary Disk in a 10:1 Massive Black Hole Binary

A three-dimensional radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation models a circumbinary disk around a 10:1 massive black hole binary totaling 2×10^7 solar masses. Radiation yields a thinner, denser, less eccentric inner disk and far-UV/soft X-ray emission several orders of magnitude brighter and more variable than an equal-mass binary.

Attribution-based diagnostics for single-cell foundation models

A newly posted arXiv paper studies post-hoc attribution as a diagnostic for single-cell RNA foundation models, covering cell-type annotation with Cell2Sentence and scGPT and perturbation prediction with scGPT+STATE in a controlled setting. The authors report that findings hinge heavily on which biological reference, baseline and null model is chosen.

On the stability and emittance growth of different particle phase-space distributions in a long magnetic quadrupole channel

Particle simulations compare K-V, waterbag, parabolic, conical and Gaussian beams in periodic quadrupole channels. A Gaussian beam's emittance growth under the third-order instability stays far below an equivalent K-V beam's after many periods, while other distributions grow quickly early on.