https://phys.org/news/2018-07-adult-fish-availability-food-young.html

For researchers, estimating the timing of both the Atlantic cod young and their prey has been a challenge as these are not typically life stages that are observed directly in the field.

To overcome this challenge, Neuheimer, an associate professor at the UH Mānoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) and visiting researcher at the Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies at Aarhus University (Denmark), led co-authors in Denmark to develop new tools that combined data on the timing of observed stages, temperatures across the North Atlantic and temperature-dependent development rates to estimate timing of—and the match between—the targeted stages of young fish and their food.