https://phys.org/news/2018-07-minerals-oxidative-stress-aflatoxin-dairy.html > Phil Cardoso, assistant professor in the department and co-author on the paper, adds that an injectable product could be helpful during aflatoxin challenge, when a cow's appetite is suppressed. "Our idea for injecting is that it might help during a time when intake is impacted. If something is causing her to eat less, she'll consume less of any diet-based mineral too." > The researchers injected lactating Holsteins with Multimin®90, a commercially available injectable trace mineral formulation, twice, approximately a month apart. Another set of animals received a saline injection only, but both sets received the recommended amount of trace minerals in their diet. About a month after the second injection, the researchers used a balling gun to introduce aflatoxin-contaminated feed to half of the animals.