https://phys.org/news/2019-01-broken-ladders-people-climb-social.html

Krishna described the path to getting out of poverty as a vicious cycle of "broken ladders."

"No one goes beyond occupations like the ones in the community. There are a number of things that create big obstacles to aspirations and achievement," said Krishna. These "broken ladders" include low-quality education, neighborhoods filled with low-wage occupations and an absence of mentors.